{"id":1121,"date":"2021-08-24T07:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-08-24T05:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cieib.es\/?p=1121"},"modified":"2021-08-24T08:35:21","modified_gmt":"2021-08-24T06:35:21","slug":"jocs-paralimpics","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cieib.es\/?p=1121","title":{"rendered":"Curiositats paral\u00edmpiques (I)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El passat 3 de juliol se celebr\u00e0 122\u00e8 aniversari del naixement del <strong>Professor Sir Ludwig Guttmann<\/strong>, conegut com a <em>Poppa Guttmann<\/em>. Nascut a l&#8217;Alta Sil\u00e8sia (llavors, <strong>Alemanya<\/strong>) fou un reconegut neur\u00f2leg jueu que va patir la <strong>persecuci\u00f3 nazi<\/strong>, fet que provoc\u00e0 la seva fugida d&#8217;Alemanya just abans de l&#8217;inici de la Segona Guerra Mundial. Establert al <strong>Regne Unit<\/strong>, treball\u00e0 en la recuperaci\u00f3 dels soldats que retornats del front, patien paraplegia per traumatisme. L\u2019\u00e8xit de les seves investigacions, fins a llavors, gaireb\u00e9 nul\u00b7les o molt poc rigoroses, feren que el govern brit\u00e0nic nomen\u00e9s Guttmann director del <strong>Consell per a la Investigaci\u00f3 M\u00e8dica d\u2019Anglaterra<\/strong>. L\u2019objectiu de Guttmann era la <strong>reintegraci\u00f3 dels pacients en la societat com a membres \u00fatils i respectats malgrat el seu elevat grau de discapacitat<\/strong>. Va rebre cr\u00edtiques, traves i impediments a parts iguals. Per\u00f2, no es va desanimar. La reintegraci\u00f3 tenia entre altres eixos fonamentals la pr\u00e0ctica de l\u2019esport entre els pacients afectats. Aquest, servia per a <strong>ajudar al pacient a restaurar la for\u00e7a, coordinaci\u00f3, rapidesa i llur resist\u00e8ncia, a m\u00e9s de contrarestar actituds antisocials com la p\u00e8rdua d\u2019autoestima o l\u2019autoa\u00efllament<\/strong>. Un dels primers esports que va introduir Guttmann entre els seus pacients fou el hoquei adaptat, conegut com a <strong>polo en cadira de rodes<\/strong>. Per\u00f2, el risc de patir cops amb l\u2019estic, f\u00e9u que aquest fos substitu\u00eft pel <strong>b\u00e0squet, tir amb arc, netball, llan\u00e7ament de javelina i billar<\/strong>. L\u2019\u00e8xit de convocat\u00f2ria f\u00e9u que Guttmann fes extensiva la participaci\u00f3 a altres afectats que no eren pacients. Foren els primers <strong>Jocs de Stocke Mandeville<\/strong>. Hi prengueren part setze pacients, dues d\u2019elles dones. La seva inauguraci\u00f3 coincid\u00ed amb la inauguraci\u00f3 dels <strong>JJOO de Londres de 1948<\/strong>. En la segona celebraci\u00f3 dels Jocs de Stocke Mandevile, un any despr\u00e9s, ja foren <strong>37 esportistes<\/strong> de sis hospitals. Guttmann manifest\u00e0 que tenia la intenci\u00f3 d\u2019equiparar el seu projecte assimilant-lo al moviment ol\u00edmpic. El 1951 els Jocs ja comptaven amb quatre disciplines (<strong>arc, netball, javelina i billar<\/strong>), <strong>126 esportistes<\/strong> i onze hospitals participants. L\u2019any seg\u00fcent fou el primer amb participaci\u00f3 internacional: s\u2019hi uniren veterans d\u2019Aardenburg (Pa\u00efsos Baixos) i l\u2019any 1959 ja eren <strong>360 esportistes<\/strong> de 20 pa\u00efsos. El 1960, els International Stoke Mandeville Games se celebraren juntament amb els JJOO de Roma de forma oficial, fet que se\u2019ls consideri els primers <strong>Jocs Paral\u00edmpics<\/strong>, si b\u00e9 el terme no \u00e9s oficial fins a 1984. El 1960 Guttmann fund\u00e0 la British Sport Association for the Disabled i el 1967 deix\u00e0 la gesti\u00f3 de Stoke Mandeville. Ludwig Guttmann mor\u00ed el 18 de mar\u00e7 de 1980. Era Comandant de l\u2019Ordre de l\u2019Imperi Brit\u00e0nic i mebre de la Royal Society. (CIEIB)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"390\" src=\"https:\/\/cieib.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Ludwig_Guttmann_1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1123\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cieib.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Ludwig_Guttmann_1.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cieib.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Ludwig_Guttmann_1-231x300.jpg 231w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption>Ludwig Guttmann, considerat un dels fundadors de les activitats f\u00edsiques per a persones discapacitades.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>El passat 3 de juliol se celebr\u00e0 122\u00e8 aniversari del naixement del Professor Sir Ludwig Guttmann, conegut com a Poppa Guttmann. Nascut a l&#8217;Alta Sil\u00e8sia (llavors, Alemanya) fou un reconegut neur\u00f2leg jueu que va patir la persecuci\u00f3 nazi, fet que provoc\u00e0 la seva fugida d&#8217;Alemanya just abans de l&#8217;inici de la Segona Guerra Mundial. Establert<\/p>\n<div class=\"tech_read_more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cieib.es\/?p=1121\">Read More<\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[55],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1121","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-esport-adaptat"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Curiositats paral\u00edmpiques (I) - Centre d\u2019Interpretaci\u00f3 de l\u2019Esport de les Illes Balears<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/cieib.es\/?p=1121\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Curiositats paral\u00edmpiques (I) - Centre d\u2019Interpretaci\u00f3 de l\u2019Esport de les Illes Balears\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"El passat 3 de juliol se celebr\u00e0 122\u00e8 aniversari del naixement del Professor Sir Ludwig Guttmann, conegut com a Poppa Guttmann. Nascut a l&#8217;Alta Sil\u00e8sia (llavors, Alemanya) fou un reconegut neur\u00f2leg jueu que va patir la persecuci\u00f3 nazi, fet que provoc\u00e0 la seva fugida d&#8217;Alemanya just abans de l&#8217;inici de la Segona Guerra Mundial. 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