{"id":3135,"date":"2024-03-27T06:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-03-27T05:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cieib.es\/?p=3135"},"modified":"2024-03-25T17:25:23","modified_gmt":"2024-03-25T16:25:23","slug":"esports-tradicionals-de-les-illes-balears-el-trot","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cieib.es\/?p=3135","title":{"rendered":"Esports tradicionals de les Illes Balears: el trot enganxat"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

En el Cap\u00edtol V<\/strong>, article 24<\/strong>, de la Llei de l’Esport de les Illes Balears<\/strong>, de 1997 (actualment, Cap\u00edtol V<\/strong>, article 40<\/strong>, punt 2<\/strong>, de 2023<\/strong>), relatius als Esports Aut\u00f2ctons de les Illes Balears<\/strong>, hi s\u00f3n esmentats el tir de fona<\/strong> i el trot enganyat<\/strong> (altrament, i a Balears, trot<\/strong>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Segons el DCVB<\/strong>, el trot \u00e9s la \u00abmanera de caminar r\u00e0pidament el cavall i altres quadr\u00fapedes avan\u00e7ant i posant a terra alternativament el parell de potes anterior dreta i posterior esquerra i el parell de potes anterior esquerra i posterior dreta<\/strong>\u00ab. Aquesta modalitat estaria entre el pas<\/strong> i el galop<\/strong>, els tres passos dels quadr\u00fapedes. Quan el genet mena el cavall des d’un cabriol que hi va enganxat, se’l coneix com a trot enganxat<\/strong>, diferenciat del trot (modalitat molt poc habitual a les Illes Balears) on el genet munta directament l’animal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Origin\u00e0riament era un esport popular<\/strong>, que sorg\u00ed de la rivalitat entre pagesos i ramaders, fet que provoc\u00e0 una major selecci\u00f3 del bestiar cavall\u00ed<\/strong>. Els propietaris es desafiaven amb les b\u00edsties enganxades als carretrons aprofitant generalment dies festius, fires o romeries rurals, a la sortida de missa, en hip\u00f2droms<\/strong> o voltadores improvitzades<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aquesta modalitat fou introdu\u00efda (1915) a Mallorca<\/strong>, quan era un fet usual a R\u00fassia<\/strong> (1775), It\u00e0lia<\/strong> (1808) els Estats Units<\/strong> (1825) i Fran\u00e7a<\/strong> (1836). El doctor Alomar<\/strong> i Joaquim Gual de Torrella<\/strong> crearen (1915<\/strong>) una crian\u00e7a d’eg\u00fces<\/strong>, amb l’adquisici\u00f3 d’exemplars russos de ra\u00e7a Orlov<\/strong>, entre els quals destacva el semental Stepeni<\/strong>. Des de llavors s’iniciaren les primeres comepticions de trotadors, origin\u00e0riament en pistes de dimensions redu\u00efdes (entre 260 i 300 m) conegudes a diferents pobles de l’Illa com a voltadores. Les primeres es crearen a Inca<\/strong> (Son Bordils), Art\u00e0<\/strong> (ses Fontanelles i Son Catiu), Binissalem<\/strong>, Campos<\/strong> (Hort d’en Blanc), Capdepera<\/strong> (Es Cavaller) Felanitx<\/strong>, Llucmajor<\/strong> (Son Gall), Muro<\/strong> (Son Blai), Sineu<\/strong>, sa Pobla<\/strong>, Palma<\/strong> i Son Maci\u00e0<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Els primers hip\u00f2droms oficials foren els de Bons Aires<\/strong>, creat (1928) a Palma<\/strong>, i el des Mol\u00ed<\/strong>, de Manacor<\/strong> (1929). El final del decenni de 1920<\/strong>, fou un moment especialment rellevant per al trot a Mallorca, fins al punt que Alfons XIII<\/strong> don\u00e0 nom a la Societat de Cavalls de Trot<\/strong>, fusionada amb la Societat H\u00edpica de Mallorca<\/strong> (fundada el 1917<\/strong>), que pass\u00e0 a denominar-se Reial Societat H\u00edpica de Mallorca<\/strong>. En foren presidents Joan D\u00edaz Carri\u00f3<\/strong> i el marqu\u00e8s del Palmer<\/strong>, entre d’altres. Les importants quantiats d’apostes<\/strong> que es creuaren a Bons Aires<\/strong> (fins a 80.000 pessetes<\/strong> en una jornada) posa en relleu el for impacte social d’aquest esport. L’hip\u00f2drom de Bons Aires fou tancat<\/strong> (1957) i substitu\u00eft provisionalment pel de Jes\u00fas<\/strong> (Ca Dona Aina) fins que s’inaugur\u00e0 (1965<\/strong>) l’actual hip\u00f2drom de Son Pardo<\/strong>. El 1960<\/strong>, s’havia inaugurat tamb\u00e9 l’actual hip\u00f2drom de Manacor<\/strong>. A m\u00e9s, hi ha diverses pistes menors com la de Son Bordins (Inca). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

A Mallorca<\/strong>, les corregudes m\u00e9s importants se solen fer duran les diades, \u00e9s a dir, els dies en qu\u00e8 hi ha curses el mat\u00ed i el capvespre. A Son Pardo<\/strong>, per Sant Sebasti\u00e0<\/strong>, es corre el premi Ciutat de Palma<\/strong> per a cavalls estrangers sobre la dist\u00e0ncia de 1.600 m, i el premi Sant Sebasti\u00e0<\/strong>, per a nacionals. El tercer diumenge de maig<\/strong> es corre el Gran Premi Nacional<\/strong>, cursa que \u00e9s la m\u00e9s ben dotada econ\u00f2micament de tot l’any i que \u00e9s reservada a cavalls sencers i eg\u00fces de tres anys nascuts a les Balears. Dia 12 d’octubre<\/strong> es corre el Crit\u00e8rium<\/strong> per a eg\u00fces i cavalls nacionals de dos anys i els premis Comunitat Aut\u00f2noma de les Illes Balears per a cavalls nacionals, el primer, i estrangers, el segons. De menys renom s\u00f3n els crit\u00e8riums de quatre i cinc anys reservats a eg\u00fces i cavalls nacionals. A l’hip\u00f2drom de Manacor<\/strong> es corre el Gran Premi<\/strong> per a poltres de tres anys el primer o segon diumenge de juny, durant una diada. \u00c9s tamb\u00e9 famosa, a Manacor, la diada dels Reis<\/strong>. La Reial Societat H\u00edpica de Mallorca<\/strong>, a m\u00e9s de regentar l’hip\u00f2drom de Son Pardo, f\u00e9u les funcions de Federaci\u00f3 Balear, reconeguda pel Ministeri de Defensa i pel Consell Superior d’Esports, fins que es cre\u00e0 (1985<\/strong>) la Federaci\u00f3 Balear de Trot<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Han estat presidents d’aquesta entitat Lloren\u00e7 Gili Flaquer<\/strong> (1986-90), Joan Gual de Torrella<\/strong> (1990-92) i Guillem Caldentey Rossell\u00f3<\/strong> (des de 1992). Aquesta federaci\u00f3 actua oficiosament com a Federaci\u00f3 nacional de trot<\/strong>, sobretot perqu\u00e8 aquesta modalitat h\u00edpica es practica b\u00e0sicament a les Illes Balears, amb petites excepcions. Hi havia diverses publicacions sobre aquesta modalitat com Trot<\/strong>, Turf Balear<\/strong> i el Bolet\u00edn Oficial de la Federaci\u00f3n Nacional de Trote<\/strong>, editat per la Federaci\u00f3 Balear, des de 1950. El 1995<\/strong>, es public\u00e0 el llibre Hist\u00f2ria del trot a les Balears<\/strong> de Joan Mart\u00ed Dols<\/strong>. Entre les associacians referides a aquest esport a Mallorca<\/strong>, hi trobam les seg\u00fcents: Associaci\u00f3 d’aprenents del Trot<\/strong> (Palma), Associaci\u00f3 de Criadors i Propietaris de Cavalls Trotadors<\/strong> (Astrot. Palma), Club de Dames del Trot<\/strong> (Palma), Club de Minitrot<\/strong> (Palma), Club Esportiu Professionals del Trot<\/strong> (Palma), Club de Trot Muntat<\/strong> (Palma), Reial Societat H\u00edpica de Mallorca<\/strong> (Palma), Club Cavallista Llucmajor<\/strong> (Llucmajor), Club d’amateurs i Propietaris<\/strong> (Manacor), Club Esportiu Rancho ca\u2019n Bulla<\/strong> (Manacor), i Societat H\u00edpica Gaballina de Trot<\/strong> (Capdepera).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pel que fa a Menorca<\/strong>, els hip\u00f2droms de Ma\u00f3<\/strong> (pertanyent a la Societat H\u00edpica \u00abAmics del Noble Brut\u00bb<\/strong>, fundada el 1935), i Torre del Ram<\/strong> (Ciutadella<\/strong>), foren inaugurats el 1973 i el 1971 (aquest \u00faltim, \u00fanic hip\u00f2drom de Balears de titularitat privada), respectivament. En aquesta \u00faltima ciutat, hi trobam radicada la Reial Societat H\u00edpica de Ciutadella<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A Eivissa<\/strong>, a comen\u00e7ament dels anys quaranta del segle XX varen tenir lloc les primeres curses de cavalls de diverses modalitats, entre elles, el trot enganxat. Se celebraren entre Can Sifre i el cap de s’Alamera. M\u00e9s endavant es va habilitar un hip\u00f2drom a sa Blanca Dona<\/strong> i el 1965 s’inaugur\u00e0 el de can Bof\u00ed<\/strong>, iniciativa de Vicent Buf\u00ed Tur<\/strong>, gran aficionat a aquest esport. Pel que fa als hip\u00f2droms, el de Sant Jordi<\/strong>, i de Sant Rafel<\/strong> (gestionat pel Consell d’Eivissa des de 2004), foren inaugurats el 1978 i 1982, respectivament. A Eivissa hi trobam la Societat de Trot Eivissencs<\/strong>. (Hist\u00f2ria del Trot a les Illes Balears; GEM; EEIF; CIEIB)<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"
Instant\u00e0nia d’una cursa de trot enganxat<\/strong> celebrada a l’Hip\u00f2drom de Bons Aires<\/strong>, situat a la barriada del mateix nom, a Palma<\/strong>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

En el Cap\u00edtol V, article 24, de la Llei de l’Esport de les Illes Balears, de 1997 (actualment, Cap\u00edtol V, article 40, punt 2, de 2023), relatius als Esports Aut\u00f2ctons de les Illes Balears, hi s\u00f3n esmentats el tir de fona i el trot enganyat (altrament, i a Balears, trot) Segons el DCVB, el trot<\/p>\n

Read More<\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[57],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3135","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-trot"],"yoast_head":"\nEsports tradicionals de les Illes Balears: el trot enganxat - Centre d\u2019Interpretaci\u00f3 de l\u2019Esport de les Illes Balears<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/cieib.es\/?p=3135\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Esports tradicionals de les Illes Balears: el trot enganxat - Centre d\u2019Interpretaci\u00f3 de l\u2019Esport de les Illes Balears\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"En el Cap\u00edtol V, article 24, de la Llei de l’Esport de les Illes Balears, de 1997 (actualment, Cap\u00edtol V, article 40, punt 2, de 2023), relatius als Esports Aut\u00f2ctons de les Illes Balears, hi s\u00f3n esmentats el tir de fona i el trot enganyat (altrament, i a Balears, trot) Segons el DCVB, el trot\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/cieib.es\/?p=3135\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Centre d\u2019Interpretaci\u00f3 de l\u2019Esport de les Illes Balears\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-03-27T05:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/cieib.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/13662341_1187738521268873_5799111578465854145_o-1024x754.jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"msfont\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrit per\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"msfont\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Temps estimat de lectura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minuts\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cieib.es\\\/?p=3135#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cieib.es\\\/?p=3135\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"msfont\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cieib.es\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/92b909ce1e31182e2dd3ceb8838d054d\"},\"headline\":\"Esports tradicionals de les Illes Balears: el trot enganxat\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-03-27T05:00:00+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cieib.es\\\/?p=3135\"},\"wordCount\":1084,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cieib.es\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cieib.es\\\/?p=3135#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cieib.es\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/03\\\/13662341_1187738521268873_5799111578465854145_o-1024x754.jpeg\",\"articleSection\":[\"TROT\"],\"inLanguage\":\"ca\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/cieib.es\\\/?p=3135#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cieib.es\\\/?p=3135\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cieib.es\\\/?p=3135\",\"name\":\"Esports tradicionals de les Illes Balears: el trot enganxat - 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