{"id":4097,"date":"2026-04-08T06:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-04-08T04:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cieib.es\/?p=4097"},"modified":"2026-04-07T19:00:21","modified_gmt":"2026-04-07T17:00:21","slug":"lassassi-zodiac-i-el-moviment-del-cavall-criptografia-i-escacs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cieib.es\/?p=4097","title":{"rendered":"L’assass\u00ed Zodiac i el moviment del cavall: criptografia i escacs"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Entre finals dels anys seixanta<\/strong> i inicis dels setanta<\/strong>, els Estats Units<\/strong> varen quedar commocionats per l\u2019aparici\u00f3 d\u2019un assass\u00ed en s\u00e8rie<\/strong> que es feia dir Zodiac<\/strong>. Actiu principalment al nord de Calif\u00f2rnia<\/strong>, mai no va ser identificat, fet que ha contribu\u00eft a convertir-lo en una figura gaireb\u00e9 llegend\u00e0ria<\/strong>. Per\u00f2 m\u00e9s enll\u00e0 dels seus crims, all\u00f2 que realment el va distingir va ser la seva obsessi\u00f3<\/strong> per la comunicaci\u00f3 encriptada<\/strong> i la voluntat de desafiar tant la policia<\/strong> com la societat mitjan\u00e7ant missatges<\/strong> plens d\u2019enigmes<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

El Zodiac enviava cartes a diaris<\/strong> com el San Francisco Chronicle<\/strong>, en les quals no nom\u00e9s descrivia els seus actes, sin\u00f3 que inclo\u00efa criptogrames<\/strong> que convidaven a ser resolts. Aquesta combinaci\u00f3 de viol\u00e8ncia i intel\u00b7lectualitzaci\u00f3 del crim va generar una enorme fascinaci\u00f3<\/strong> medi\u00e0tica<\/strong>. El primer gran missatge, el conegut com a Z408<\/strong>, va ser desxifrat relativament aviat, per\u00f2 altres, com el fam\u00f3s Z340<\/strong>, varen resistir<\/strong> qualsevol intent de resoluci\u00f3 durant m\u00e9s de cinquanta anys<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c9s precisament en aquest Z340<\/strong> on apareix un dels elements m\u00e9s sorprenents i singulars del cas: l\u2019\u00fas d\u2019un patr\u00f3<\/strong> de lectura inspirat<\/strong> en el moviment<\/strong> del cavall<\/strong> en els escacs<\/strong>. Quan finalment es va desxifrar<\/strong> el 2020<\/strong>, es va descobrir que el missatge no nom\u00e9s feia servir un sistema de substituci\u00f3 de s\u00edmbols, sin\u00f3 tamb\u00e9 una complexa transposici\u00f3 que obligava a reorganitzar el text seguint salts<\/strong> irregulars<\/strong> \u2014dos espais en una direcci\u00f3 i un en una altra\u2014, exactament com es mou el cavall sobre el tauler. Aquest mecanisme va ser clau per dificultar enormement la lectura del criptograma i explica per qu\u00e8 va romandre irresolt durant d\u00e8cades.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aquest detall revela fins a quin punt el Zodiac<\/strong> concebia els seus missatges com un joc<\/strong> intel\u00b7lectual<\/strong>. No es tractava nom\u00e9s d\u2019amagar informaci\u00f3, sin\u00f3 de crear un repte<\/strong> estructurat, gaireb\u00e9 com un problema matem\u00e0tic o un trencaclosques, en qu\u00e8 el lector havia d\u2019entendre no nom\u00e9s els s\u00edmbols, sin\u00f3 tamb\u00e9 la l\u00f2gica del seu despla\u00e7ament. La possible inspiraci\u00f3 en els escacs<\/strong> \u2014un joc associat a l\u2019estrat\u00e8gia i a la planificaci\u00f3\u2014 refor\u00e7a la imatge que el mateix assass\u00ed volia projectar: la d\u2019una ment<\/strong> calculadora<\/strong> i superior<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Amb el pas del temps, aquesta combinaci\u00f3 de viol\u00e8ncia real i joc intel\u00b7lectual ha convertit el Zodiac en una figura central de la cultura popular nord-americana. Llibres, documentals i pel\u00b7l\u00edcules<\/strong>, com Zodiac<\/strong> (2007), han explorat no nom\u00e9s els crims, sin\u00f3 tamb\u00e9 l\u2019obsessi\u00f3 pels seus enigmes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aix\u00ed, el cas del Zodiac<\/strong> no nom\u00e9s \u00e9s un episodi fosc de la hist\u00f2ria criminal<\/strong> dels Estats Units, sin\u00f3 tamb\u00e9 un exemple singular de com la criptografia pot formar part del relat d\u2019un crim i contribuir a la seva perviv\u00e8ncia en l\u2019imaginari col\u00b7lectiu. El Z340<\/strong> i el seu patr\u00f3 inspirat en el cavall dels escacs continuen essent avui una prova fascinant de fins a quin punt un enigma ben constru\u00eft pot desafiar<\/strong> generacions senceres i convertir-se en part de la hist\u00f2ria cultural<\/strong> contempor\u00e0nia. (CIEIB)<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"
Recreaci\u00f3 del criptograma Z340<\/strong> amb indicaci\u00f3 del recorregut en forma de
moviment de cavall<\/strong> sobre el text.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Entre finals dels anys seixanta i inicis dels setanta, els Estats Units varen quedar commocionats per l\u2019aparici\u00f3 d\u2019un assass\u00ed en s\u00e8rie que es feia dir Zodiac. Actiu principalment al nord de Calif\u00f2rnia, mai no va ser identificat, fet que ha contribu\u00eft a convertir-lo en una figura gaireb\u00e9 llegend\u00e0ria. Per\u00f2 m\u00e9s enll\u00e0 dels seus crims, all\u00f2<\/p>\n

Read More<\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4097","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-escacs"],"yoast_head":"\nL'assass\u00ed Zodiac i el moviment del cavall: criptografia i escacs - Centre d\u2019Interpretaci\u00f3 de l\u2019Esport de les Illes Balears<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/cieib.es\/?p=4097\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"L'assass\u00ed Zodiac i el moviment del cavall: criptografia i escacs - Centre d\u2019Interpretaci\u00f3 de l\u2019Esport de les Illes Balears\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Entre finals dels anys seixanta i inicis dels setanta, els Estats Units varen quedar commocionats per l\u2019aparici\u00f3 d\u2019un assass\u00ed en s\u00e8rie que es feia dir Zodiac. 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